GK SERIES FOR SSC,IAS,PCS,HAS,HCS
AND OTHER COMPETITIVE EXAMS
(HISTORY-10)
SAYYID
DYNASTY
Sayyid
Dynasty (1414 - 1451 AD)
The Mongol
invader Timur, who had invaded, plundered and slaughtered the people of Delhi
in 1398, appointed Sayyid Khizr Khan as governor of Lahore, Multan and Dipalpur.
After the
departure of Timur, he declared himself the viceroy of Timur in north-western India
and defied the authority of Delhi, then ruled by Mallu Khan and sultan Mahmud Tughlaq.
After the
latter’s death, he invaded Delhi and became its master in 1414 and founder the
Sayyid dynasty.
Khizr
Khan (1414 - 21)
·
He
didn’t assume the royal title.
·
He
professed to rule as the deputy of Timur’s son and successor, Shahrukh, to whom
he probably sent occasional tributes.
·
He
tried to suppress the refractory chieftains in Katehar (Rohilkhand), the Doab
and Mewat.
Mubarkh
Shah (1421 – 34)
·
He
was the son and successor of Khizr Khan and assumed the title of sultan.
·
He
defeated the Muslim nobles – Jasrath Khokhar and Turkbaccha in the Punjab.
·
He
was beheaded in 1434.
The
conspirators led by Sarwar-ul-Mulk, raised Muhammad
Shah, a nephew of Mubarakh Shah, on the throne, although the real power of
the state was usurped by Sarwar-ul-Mulk, the wazir. Bahlol Lodi, the governor
of Lahore, helped sultan in saving Delhi from invasion by Malwa, and hence he
was conferred with the title of khan-i-khana by sultan.
On the death of
Mahummad Shah in 1445, his son Alauddin ascended the throne of Delhi with his
high sounding title of Alam Shah. He
is the last and most incompetent ruler of Sayyid dynasty. Bahlul lodi, deposed
‘Alam Shah’ and laid the foundation of a new dynasty on the throne of Delhi but
permitted the ex-sultan to retain his estate of Badaun. Alam Shah died in 1478.
Lodi
Dynasty (1451 AD to 1526 AD)
The Lodis were
of Afghan origin.
Bahlol
Lodhi (1451 - 88):
·
Bahlol
Lodhi was one of the Afghan sardars who established himself in Punjab after the
invasion of Timur. He founded the Lodhi dynasty.
·
Jaunpur
was annexed into Delhi Sultanate during his reign.
Sikandar
Lodhi (1489 - 1517)
·
Sikandar
Lodi was the son of Bahlol Lodhi who conquered Bihar and Western Bengal.
·
Agra
city was founded by him in 1506.
·
Sikandar
was a fanatical Muslim and he broke the sacred images of the Jwalamukhi Temple
at Nagar Kot and ordered the temples of Mathura to be destroyed.
·
He
re-imposed Jaziya tax on non-muslims
·
He
use to write poems with the pen name ―Gulrakhi.
·
He
took a keen interest in the development of agriculture. He introduced the
Gaz-i-Sikandari (Sikandar‘s yard) of 32 digits for measuring cultivated fields.
Ibrahim
Lodhi (1517 - 26)
·
He
was the last king of the Lodhi dynasty and the last Sultan of Delhi.
·
He
was the son of Sikandar Lodhi.
·
At
last Daulat Khan Lodhi, the governor of Punja invited Babur to overthrow
Ibrahim Lodhi.
·
Babur
accepted the offer and inflicted a crushing defeat on Ibrahim Lodhi in the
first battle of Panipat in 1526 and Mughal rule was established in India.
·
He
was the only Sultan who died in battle field.
