DAILYGK 10-11 JULY 2025
1.
17TH BRICS SUMMIT RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL
·
17th BRICS (Brazil, Russia,
India, China and South Africa) Summit held under the
Chairmanship of Brazil in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.’
·
The summit was hosted by Brazilian
President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
·
The theme for
the 2025 BRICS summit was “Strengthening Global South Cooperation for a
More Inclusive and Sustainable Governance”.
·
The BRICS leaders fully supported India’s
bid to host the 33rd Conference of the Parties (COP 33) of the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2028.
·
The Women Empowerment (WE) vertical of the
New Delhi -based BRICS Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BRICS CCI)
launched WE WISE (Women in Innovation, Science
and Entrepreneurship) at the BRICS Women Business Alliance (WBA) Annual
Plenary Meeting held in Rio de Janeiro.
·
The summit ended with the adoption of
the Rio de Janeiro Declaration, a 31-point document with
126 commitments.
2.
BULGARIA BECOMES 21ST MEMBER TO ADOPT EURO
·
The European Union (EU) ministers granted
final approval for Bulgaria to adopt the euro(EUR), making
it the 21st country to officially join the eurozone.
·
Bulgaria will replace its national
currency, Bulgarian Lev, with the euro starting from
January 1, 2026.
·
Croatia (2023) was the latest country to
join the euro area, introducing the euro currency on 1 January 2023.
·
The euro is the official currency of
Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal,
Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain.
·
To join the euro area, a country must meet
specific economic and legal conditions known as the ‘Maastricht
convergence criteria’.
·
The
following economic requirements were established by the Maastricht treaty in
1992:- Low Inflation, Sustainable Public Finances, Stable exchange
rates, Sustainable interest rate.
·
The inflation
rate must not be more than 1.5% points above the rate of the three
best-performing member states.
·
Bulgaria Capital – Sofia.
3.
UNESCO REMOVES THREE AFRICAN SITES FROM WORLD HERITAGE IN
DANGER LIST
·
The World Heritage Committee (WHC) removed three
African heritage sites located in Madagascar, Egypt, and Libya from
the List of World Heritage in Danger.
·
The decision was announced during the 47th
session of the WHC, at the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) headquarters in Paris, France.
·
Removal from the List of World Heritage in
Danger means the threats to the site are resolved and its global value is
restored, and they are now eligible for enhanced technical and financial
support from UNESCO.
·
Sites Removed from the Danger List.
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1.Rainforests of the Atsinanana (Madagascar).
·
2.Abu Mena (Egypt).
·
3.Old Town of Ghadamès (Libya).
4.
NITI AAYOG NER DISTRICT SDG INDEX (2023-24
·
National Institution for Transforming
India (NITI) Aayog released the 2nd edition
of the North Eastern Region (NER) District Sustainable Development
Index (SDG) Report (2023-24).
·
Hnahthial district in Mizoram
emerged as the top-performing district with a score of 81.43, followed
by Champhai district in Mizoram with 79.86, and Gomati district in
Tripura with 78.79.
·
The report was launched by Suman Bery,
Vice Chairman of NITI Aayog; B.V.R. Subrahmanyam, Chief Executive Officer(CEO)
of NITI Aayog.
·
The index is developed
by NITI Aayog in collaboration with the MoDoNER, with
technical support from UNDP.
·
The latest edition of the index has
covered 121 out of 131 (92%) districts of the NER
compared to 103 of 120 districts covered in previous edition.
·
The index has categorised districts into
4 different categories: Achiever (100); Front-Runner (65-99); Performer
(50-64) and Aspirant (<50).
·
Out of 121 districts
covered in the index, 103 are in the ‘Front Runner’ category, and 18
districts are in the ‘Performer’ category in the composite score and
ranking.
·
As per NITI Aayog’s index, Arunachal
Pradesh (AR)’s Longding district with the
score of 58.71, ranked as the lowest-scoring
district in the entire region.
5.
WORLD BANK’S GINI INDEX
·
World Bank (WB) released its
report titled ‘Spring 2025 Poverty & Equity Brief’, ranking India as
the world’s 4th-most equal country with a Gini Index
score of 25.5 (2022-23), compared to 28.8 (2011-12).
·
India has been ranked just behind Slovak
Republic (24.1), Slovenia (24.3) and Belarus (24.4).
·
India performed well compared to advanced
economies like: China (35.7), USA (41.8), UK (32.4) and all Group-7 (G-7) as
well as G20 countries.
·
As per the WB’s report which has covered
the data of 167 countries, only 30 countries including India, have been
placed into the ‘moderately low’ inequality category, which includes GI
scores between 25 and 30.
·
The report also highlighted that 171
million India were moved out of extreme poverty between 2011 and 2023.
6.
FORBES AMERICA’S RICHEST IMMIGRANTS 2025
·
Forbes released its “America’s
Richest Immigrants 2025” list, revealing that India is
the top country of origin with 12 India-born
billionaires, the highest number of immigrant billionaires in USA.
·
Jay Chaudhry, Chief Executive
Officer (CEO) of Zscaler, is the only Indian-origin billionaire in Forbes’ Top
10 richest immigrant billionaires, ranked 8th with a
net worth of USD 17.9 billion.
·
The 125 foreign-born
USA billionaires from 43 countries hold about USD 1.3
trillion (approximately 18% of USA’s USD 7.2 trillion of
billionaire wealth).
·
South Africa–born Elon Musk tops
the list of immigrant billionaires in USA with a net worth of USD 393.1 billion
(Bn), followed by Russia’s Sergey Brin (USD 139.7 Bn) of Google and Taiwan’s
Jensen Huang (USD 137.9 Bn) of Nvidia.
·
India overtakes Israel and Taiwan to
emerge as the Number 1 source of immigrant billionaires in USA .
7.
WTTC RELEASES TOP 10 GLOBAL TOURISM ECONOMIES FOR 2024-25
·
World Travel &
Tourism Council (WTTC), in collaboration with Oxford
Economics, released the 2024 Economic Impact
Trends (EIR) Report, highlighting the Top 10 Global Tourism
Economies for 2024-25.
·
According to the report, India
climbed to the 8th position with a Travel
& Tourism sector contribution of USD 231.6 billion, up from 10th
place in 2023.
·
United States of America (USA) has
secured the first place with USD 2,360 billion, followed by China (USD
1,300 billion) in the second place and Germany (USD
487.6 billion) in the third place.
8.
TIME 100 CREATOR LIST
·
TIME Magazine released its
inaugural TIME 100 Creators List 2025, highlighting the most
influential digital voices globally.
·
Prajakta Koli has become the only
Indian to feature in the list.
·
Kai Cenat of the United
States of America (USA), Jimmy Donaldson (Mr Beast)
(USA), Khabane Lame (Italy) has featured on the
list.
·
Prajakta Koli has featured in the
Entertainment category, has 7 million Youtube Subscribers and 8 million
Instagram followers.
·
Different categories are Titans category
,The Leaders category ,the Entertainers category,Phenomena
category, The Catalysts category.
9.
INDIA’S FIRST INDIGENOUS QUANTUM-SECURE SATELLITE
·
Space Transportation
System (TS) and Synergy Quantum
India Private Limited have partnered to build India’s
first indigenous quantum-secure satellite, with an aim to strengthen
national space infrastructure against emerging quantum threats.
·
This initiative aims to integrate
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) payloads onboard a
satellite, marking a pivotal step towards India’s space-based
quantum-secure communications.
·
Satellite QKD leverages quantum mechanics to
exchange encryption keys securely which attempt to disrupt the quantum
state, making the intrusion detectable.
·
Synergy Quantum is blending
satellite-based QKD with Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) to create hybrid,
future-proof encryption suited for long-range communications.
10.
INDIGENOUS ANTI-SUBMARINE ROCKET ‘ERASR’
·
The Indian Navy (IN)
successfully conducted user trials of the Extended Range Anti-Submarine Rocket
(ERASR), an indigenous anti-submarine weapon system, from
Indian Naval Ship (INS) Kavaratti .
·
The ERASR is a fully indigenous
anti-submarine weapon designed to combat underwater threats.
·
It is launched from the Indigenous
Rocket Launcher (IRL) systems onboard Indian Naval Ships.
·
ERASR features a twin-rocket motor
configuration, enabling it to cover a wide range of distances with high
accuracy and consistency.
·
The system uses an indigenously developed
Electronic Time Fuze (ETF), which enhances its performance
during operations.
·
ERASR has been designed and developed by
Pune (Maharashtra)-based Armament Research & Development Establishment (ARDE),
a laboratory under Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO),
Ministry of Defence (MoD).
·
DRDO is the Research and Development
(R&D) wing of the Ministry of Defence (MoD), Government of India (GoI).
·
Chairman – Dr. Samir
Vankatpati Kamat.
·
Established – 1958.
