DAILY GK 12 NOV 2025

 DAILY GK 12 NOV 2025

1.       KHANGCHENDZONGA NP RATED ‘GOOD’ BY IUCN

·         Khangchendzonga National Park(NP), in Sikkim, has been rated ‘Good’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in the 4th edition of its World Heritage Outlook, making it the only Indian natural heritage site to receive such recognition.

·         IUCN World Heritage Outlook 2025 was released at the IUCN World Conservation Congress 2025 in October 2025 in Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates (UAE).




·         This latest edition of outlook has assessed 271 natural and mixed world heritage sites including 231 natural sites and 40 are mixed sites, across 115 countries.

·         The IUCN World Heritage Outlook 4 report highlights climate change, tourism, invasive species, and road development as key threats to South Asia’s biodiversity, classifying sites as “Good,” “Good with Some Concerns,” “Significant Concern,” or “Critical” based on conservation status and urgency of action.

·         Kaziranga NP (Assam), Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers NP (Uttarakhand), and the Great Himalayan NP Conservation Area (Himachal Pradesh, HP) have been rated ‘Good with Some Concerns’ by the IUCN, reflecting effective conservation with minor challenges.

·         Western Ghats, Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (Assam), and the Sundarbans (West Bengal, WB) have been rated as ‘Significant Concern’, indicating pressing conservation issues that require immediate attention.

 

2.       INDIA AND ECUADOR SIGNED PACT

·         India and Ecuador signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), aimed at bolstering cooperation between their diplomatic training institutions, in Quito, Ecuador.

·         Union MoS Margherita and his counterpart Gabriela Sommerfeld jointly inaugurated the resident Embassy of India in Quito, the capital city of Ecuador.

 

3.       WSSD-2 HELD IN DOHA, QATAR

·         Union Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, Ministry of Labour & Employment (MoL&E) and Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports (MoYAS), led the Indian delegation at the 2nd World Summit for Social Development (WSSD-2), hosted by the State of Qatar in its capital city Doha. 

·         The 3-day long summit was held under the chairmanship of HH The Amir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad.

Al Thani, Amir of the State of Qatar.

·         The World Social Summit, under the title ‘Second World Summit for Social Development’ was convened by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) through Resolutions 78/261 and 78/318.

·         The summit concluded successfully with the adoption of “Doha Political Declaration”.

·         Through this declaration, countries pledged to eradicate poverty, create decent work, combat discrimination, expand access to social security, and protect human rights.

 

4.       BANGLADESH JOINED UN WATER CONVENTION

·         Bangladesh became the 1st South Asian country as well as 56th country globally, to join the United Nations (UN) Water Convention which is officially known as the Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes.

·         It is a unique legally binding instrument which aimed at promoting the sustainable management of share water resources and the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

·         The UN Water Convention was formally adopted in Helsinki, Finland in 1992 but officially came into force in 1996.

·         It was initially negotiated as a regional framework for the pan-European region.

·         Following an amendment to the convention, it has been opened for all member states UN, since March 2016.

 

5.       BILATERAL HAJ AGREEMENT WITH SAUDI ARABIA FOR HAJ 2026

·         Union Minister Kiren Rijiju, Ministry of Minority Affairs (MoMA) and Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs (MoPA), signed the Bilateral Haj Agreement for Haj 2026 with Tawfiq bin Fawzan Al Rabiah, Minister of Hajj and Umrah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

·         Haj Agreement 2026: Finalized India’s pilgrim quota at 1,75,025, marking a milestone in India–Saudi Arabia cooperation.

 

6.       UNESCO ADOPTS WORLD’S FIRST GLOBAL ETHICAL FRAMEWORK FOR NEUROTECHNOLOGY

·         The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) adopted the “Recommendation on the Ethics of Neurotechnology”, the world’s first global ethical framework for neurotechnology, during its 43rd General Conference held in Paris, France.

·         The framework is set to take effect on 12 November 2025.

·         Purpose: The framework sets safeguards to harness neurotechnology for societal benefit while protecting human rights.

·         Data Protection: The standards define “neural data” as a distinct category requiring protection.

·         Comprehensive Recommendations: Over 100 guidelines cover personal rights, medical applications, and speculative scenarios, including potential misuse like marketing to people during dreams.

·         The neurotechnology sector is projected to exceed USD 30 billion by 2030.

·         UNESCO aimed to eliminate the “Wild West” scenario, where mental privacy, manipulation, and inequality could be out of control.

 

7.       PRESIDENT DROUPADI MURMU’S VISIT TO ANGOLA

·         The President of India Droupadi Murmu was on a four-day official visit to Angola at the invitation of Angolan President João Manuel GonçalvesLourenço, marking the first-ever visit by an Indian President to the country.

·         The visit marks the 40th anniversary of diplomatic relations between India and Angola, established in 1985, and coincides with Angola’s 50th Independence Day celebration on November 11, 2025.

·         President Droupadi Murmu addressed the National Assembly of Angola in Luanda, marking the first Indian head to address the national assembly of Angola.

·         A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying (MoFAHD), Government of India (GoI), and Angola’s Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources.

·         MoU was signed between the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), GoI, and Ministry of External Relations, Angola.

·         During the visit, India proposed to finalise a USD 200 million Line of Credit (LoC) to Angola, aimed at supporting joint projects in the defence and energy sectors.

 

8.       WHO’S GLOBAL TB REPORT 2025

·         The World Health Organisation (WHO) released its latest Global Tuberculosis (TB) Report 2025. 

·         As per the report, India’s TB incidence rate (new cases emerging each year) declined by 21% i.e. from 237 per lakh population (in 2015) to 187 per lakh population (in 2024), which is almost double the rate of decline observed globally (i.e. at 12%).

·         Despite one of the largest global reductions in TB incidence, India has not yet reached the government’s 2025 target of 77 cases per lakh population.

·         As per the WHO’s report, tuberculosis remains one of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases, causing over 1.2 million deaths and affecting approximately 10.7 million people in 2024.

·         The global TB incidence rate fell by 1.7% in 2024, reaching 131 cases per 1 lakh population compared to the 2023 rate.

·         The report further highlighted that together, 8 countries accounted for 67% of global TB cases in 2024, led by India (25%), followed by Indonesia (10%), the Philippines (6.8%), China (6.5%), Pakistan (6.3%), Nigeria (4.8%), the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) (3.9%), and Bangladesh (3.6%).

·         The report revealed that South-East Asia (SEA) region registered the highest rate of TB cases i.e. at 34% (in 2024) compared to all regions; followed by the Western Pacific (27%), Africa (25%), Eastern Mediterranean (8.6%), the Americas (3.3%) and Europe (1.9%).

·         Globally, the number of people falling ill with TB decreased to 10.7 million in 2024, marking an improvement of nearly 2% compared to 2023.

·         Global Death Rate: As per the report, the global rate of deaths caused by TB also declined by 3% i.e. from 1.27 million people (in 2023) to 1.23 million people (in 2024).

 

9.       PM NARENDRA MODI’S VISIT TO BHUTAN

·         Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi was on a two-day official visit to Bhutan at the invitation of His Majesty Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, the King of Bhutan.

·         PM Narendra Modi and King Jigme Khesar jointly inaugurated the 1,020-Megawatt (MW) Punatsangchhu-II Hydroelectric Project, a run-of-the-river scheme on the Punatsangchhu River, at Thinleygang in WangduePhodrang district (Bhutan), marking the bilateral cooperation in hydropower between India and Bhutan.

·         The project is built with Indian financial and technical assistance, encompassing 70% loan assistance and 30% grant, amounting to around Rs. 7,290 crores.

·         A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed to strengthen cooperation between India and Bhutan in Renewable E energy (RE).

·         An MoU was signed to strengthen cooperation in the field of health and medicine, covers areas, including medicines and medical devices, maternal health, prevention and treatment of all major diseases, traditional medicine, digital health and telemedicine, and joint research and training of health professionals.

·         An MoU was signed between PEMA Secretariat (Bhutan) and National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) India, to help both Institutions work together to train mental health professionals and develop local mental health courses to improve services and support research.

 

10.    INDIA-NEPAL SIGNS LOE TO BOOST RAIL CONNECTIVITY 

·         India and Nepal exchanged a Letter of Exchange (LoE) to amend the Protocol to the Treaty of Transit, marking a significant enhancement in rail-based trade connectivity between the two nations.

·         The amended protocol enables direct rail connectivity between Jogbani (India) and Biratnagar (Nepal) for both containerized and bulk cargo, allowing seamless transport from the ports of West Bengal (WB) and Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (AP) to the Nepal Customs Yard in Morang district near Biratnagar.

·         The liberalization also extends to trade corridors such as Kolkata–JogbaniKolkata–Nautanwa (Sunauli) and Visakhapatnam–Nautanwa (Sunauli), thereby strengthening multimodal trade connectivity.