DAILY GK 30-31 OCT 2026
1.
INDIA–INDONESIA EXERCISE ‘GARUDA SHAKTI
2026’· The 11th edition of the India–Indonesia Joint Special Forces Exercise ‘Garuda Shakti 2026’ commenced at Banyuwangi, Indonesia.
· The Indian contingent comprises troops from the Parachute Regiment (Special Forces), while the Indonesian contingent comprises personnel from the Indonesian Special Forces.
2. WORLD STROKE DAY 2026 – OCTOBER 29
· World Stroke Day (WSD) is observed annually on 29 October to raise global awareness about stroke prevention, early symptom recognition, and timely treatment.
· 2026 Theme: “Every M1nute Counts”.
· WSD was established in 2004 during the World Stroke Congress held in Vancouver, Canada.
· The World Stroke Organization (WSO) was formed in October 2006 through the merger of the International Stroke Society (ISS) and the World Stroke Federation (WSF).
· WSD was first observed on 29 October 2006.
· The 18th WSC was held in Seoul, South Korea.
3. DYSLEXIA AWARENESS MONTH 2026 – OCTOBER 1-31
· Dyslexia Awareness Month is observed annually worldwide from October 1 to 31 to raise awareness about dyslexia, one of the most common yet often misunderstood learning differences.
· World Dyslexia Day was first observed in 2013, initiated by the European Dyslexia Association (EDA).
4. UNITED NATIONS DISARMAMENT WEEK 2026 – OCTOBER 24 TO 30
· The United Nations (UN) observed Disarmament Week from October 24 to 30 to promote awareness and understanding of disarmament issues and highlight their importance in maintaining international peace and security.
· In 1978, UNGA called for Disarmament Week in the Final Document of its special session on disarmament.
· The observance begins on October 24, the anniversary of the founding of the UN.
· The annual Disarmament Week is organized by the United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA).
5. INTERNATIONAL SNOW LEOPARD DAY 2026 – OCTOBER 23
· International Snow Leopard Day (ISLD), also known as World Snow Leopard Day (WSLD), is observed globally on 23 October.
· WSLD originated at the Global Snow Leopard Conservation Forum held in Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, in 2013.
· The first WSLD was observed on 23 October 2014.
6. UNITED NATIONS DAY 2026 – OCTOBER 24
· The United Nations (UN) Day is annually observed across the globe on 24th October to mark the anniversary of the day on which the UN Charter entered into force in 1945.
· The UN Charter is the founding document of the UN, outlining its objectives, principles and functions.
7. WORLD DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION DAY 2026 – OCTOBER 24
· The United Nations (UN’s) World Development Information Day is annually observed across the globe on 24th October to raise public awareness of global development challenges, promote information dissemination and international cooperation, and mobilise public opinion in support of development goals.
· The first World Development Information Day was observed on 24 October 1973.
· It commemorates the adoption of the International Development Strategy for the Second United Nations Development Decade (1971–1980) on 24 October 1970.
8. WORLD POLIO DAY 2026 – OCTOBER 24
· World Polio Day (WPD) was observed across the globe on 24 October to raise awareness about poliomyelitis (polio), a highly infectious viral disease.
· Theme: “One day, one focus, Ending polio for good”
· World Polio Day was established by Rotary International to commemorate the birth anniversary of Dr Jonas Salk, the American medical researcher who developed the first successful inactivated polio vaccine (IPV).
· India initiated Pulse Polio immunisation activities on 2 October 1994, followed by nationwide implementation in 1995, to strengthen oral polio vaccination coverage among children.
· India’s last reported case of wild poliovirus occurred in Howrah, West Bengal, on 13 January 2011.
· The WHO certified its South-East Asia Region (SEAR), including India, as polio-free on 27 March 2014.
9. WORLD CITIES DAY 2026 – OCTOBER 31
· The United Nations (UN) established World Cities Day (WCD), which is observed annually on 31 October to promote international cooperation in addressing urbanisation challenges and advancing sustainable urban development worldwide.
· 2026 Theme: “Regenerating the City: Adequate Housing for All.”
· WCD was first celebrated globally on 31 October 2014.
· Fuzhou, China, hosts the global observance of World Cities Day on 31 October 2026.
10. RBI REVISES BANK LEVERAGE RATIO FRAMEWORK UNDER BASEL III NORMS
· The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued the RBI (Commercial Banks – Prudential Norms on Capital Adequacy) Eleventh Amendment Directions, 2026, aligning the leverage ratio framework with the 2017 standard developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) under the Basel III framework.
· The revised directions will come into effect on 1 April 2027, aiming to prevent excessive leverage, strengthen capital adequacy and enhance financial stability.
· The leverage ratio measures a bank’s Tier 1 capital relative to its total exposure, including on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet items.
· The following are the leverage ratio to be maintained by the banks: Domestic Systemically Important Bank (D-SIB) – 4%.
· Branch of a global systemically important bank (G-SIB) in India – 3.5% plus the leverage ratio buffer applicable to it as a G-SIBL.
· Other Banks – 3.5%.
11. SEBI WAIVES MARGINS ON SUBSEQUENT TRADES AGAINST EARLY PAY-IN
· The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) through an official circular introduced a real-time margin waiver framework, allowing the clients to use the value of shares delivered through Early Pay-in (EPI) towards margin requirements on subsequent buy and sell positions in the cash market.
· As per the new framework, Clearing Corporations (CC) will determine the available value of EPI on the trade date, which will be at lower of the value of securities for which EPI has been made and the value of securities sold.
· The new facility is applicable in the case, where a client has a net sell obligation in a settlement.
· Square-off Position: As per the new framework, if the client squares off the sale position in securities for which the EPI benefit was availed, the EPI value will be removed/
· Also, any resulting margin shortfall at the client level will be blocked from the proprietary collateral of the trading or Clearing Member (CM).
· However, such a condition is not applicable to trade-for-trade securities, as these transactions are settled on a gross basis.
· SEBI: Originally, SEBI was formed on April 12, 1988, as a non-statutory body and later, became a statutory body on January 30, 1992 under the SEBI Act, 1992 with headquarters in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
12. SBI INAUGURATES ‘CYRIS’ CYBERSECURITY CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE
· State Bank of India (SBI), India’s largest bank, launched ‘CyRIS (Cybersecurity Centre of Excellence(CoE)), in Mumbai, Maharashtra, to strengthen cybersecurity capabilities, enhance threat intelligence and improve cyber resilience across India’s financial sector.
· Three Core Pillars: CyRIS integrates cybersecurity policy, training, research, innovation and threat intelligence under three pillars.
· THINK: Focuses on cybersecurity policies, talent development, cyber education and public awareness.
· INNOVATE: Promotes cybersecurity research, innovative solutions and benchmarking of security practices.
· DEFEND: Strengthens threat detection, incident response, cyber defence and institutional resilience.
13. MOT EXTENDS PLI SCHEME TENURE TO FY 2033–34
· The Ministry of Textiles (MoT), Government of India (GoI), announced major modifications to the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme for Textiles, extending its tenure to Financial Year (FY) 2033–34 exclusively for applicants approved under Round 4.
· The Ministry reduced the minimum turnover requirement under Part 2 from Rs 200 crore to Rs 100 crore to encourage participation by Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and mid-sized manufacturing units.
· The minimum investment threshold under Part 2 is Rs. 50 crore, enabling eligible MSMEs and mid-sized manufacturing units to participate.
