DAILY GK 27-28 OCT 2025
1.
6TH PRESIDENT OF REPUBLIC OF SEYCHELLES
·
Dr. Patrick Herminie, leader of the United Seychelles (US) Party, was officially sworn-in as the 6th
President of the Republic of Seychelles.
·
Dr. Patrick Herminie won the country’s Presidential election,
defeating incumbent President Wavel Ramakalwan, leader
of LDS party
·
Dr.
Patrick Herminie secured 52.7% of the valid votes
against Ramkalawan who garnered 47.3% votes.
·
Republic of Seychelles: Capital- Victoria.
2. WORLD’S
OLDEST PRESIDENT
·
Incumbent President of Cameroon, Paul
Barthelemy Biya’a bi Mvondo, representing the Cameroon People’s Democratic Movement (CPDM), won the Cameroon’s
2025 Presidential Election, securing
53.7% of the votes against
IssaTchiroma Bakary
·
This victory marked his eighth consecutive
term in office.
·
With this win, Paul Biya became the world’s longest-serving and
oldest President at the age of 92 years.
3.
53RD CJI
·
President
of India has appointed Justice Surya Kant, the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court (SC),
as the 53rd Chief Justice of India (CJI) under
Article 124(2) of the Indian
Constitution.
·
He
will be the first CJI from Haryana.
·
He will retire from this post on
February 09, 2027 on attaining the age of 65 years.
·
On
July 7, 2000, at age 38, he became the
youngest Advocate General of Haryana and was designated Senior Advocate in
March 2001.
·
In
January 2004, he was appointed as a permanent
judge to the Punjab and Haryana HC.
·
He
was appointed as the CJ of the Himachal Pradesh (HP) HC on October 05, 2018,
before being elevated to SC on May 24, 2019.
·
He
served as a member of National Legal
Services Authority (NALSA)’s governing body (2007–2011) and has been its
Executive Chairman since May 24, 2025.
4.
NITI AAYOG REPORTS ON INDIA’S SERVICES SECTOR
·
B.V.R. Subrahmanyam, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of National
Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog) released two reports under the Services Thematic Series.
·
The 1st report titled ‘India’s Services Sector: Insights from GVA Trends and State-Level
Dynamics’, showed that the services sector contributed nearly
55% of national Gross
Value Added (GVA) in 2024-25, up from 51% in 2013-14.
·
2nd Report: titled 'India’s
Services Sector: Insights from Employment trends and State-level Dynamics’
suggested a four-part roadmap focused on worker
formalisation, skill development, green economy investment, and balanced
regional growth.
·
The reports showed that the services sector employed approximately 188
million workers (nearly 30% of India’s national workforce),
adding close to 40 million jobs over the
last 6 years.
5.
CABINET APPROVES TOR FOR 8TH CENTRAL PAY COMMISSION
·
The
Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi approved
the Terms of Reference (ToR) for the 8th Central Pay Commission (CPC), a
temporary body which will review the
salaries of nearly 50 lakh central government employees, including defence
services personnel and about 69 lakh
pensioners.
·
The commission has been directed to submit
its recommendations within 18 months of its
formation.
·
The
recommendations of 8th CPC are expected to be effective
from January 01, 2026.
·
The
8th CPC will include 3 members including, chairperson, one part-time member and one member-secretary.
·
The Union Cabinet has also approved the
appointment of former Supreme Court (SC) Justice Ranjana Prakash
Desai as the chairperson
of the pay commission.
·
Professor Pulak Ghosh, who is
currently working as Professor at Indian Institute of Management (IIM)
Bangalore (Karnataka), has been named as
the part-time member.
·
Pankaj Jain, Secretary of Ministry
of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG), has been named as the member-secretary.
6. TRI-SERVICES
EXERCISE ‘EX TRISHUL’
·
India commenced the large scale
tri-services military exercise ‘Ex Trishul’ conducted
along the western border with Pakistan border.
·
The exercise is being held in close coordination
with the Indian Army(IA), Indian Navy
(IN) and Indian Air Force (IAF).
7.
8TH ISA ASSEMBLY
·
The
Government of India(GoI), in partnership with the
International Solar Alliance (ISA), hosted the 8th Session of the
ISA Assembly in New Delhi.
·
The
2025 assembly was held under the theme
titled “One Sun, One World, One Grid”.
·
China
will join ISA to expand its global reach.
·
During
the event, Solar Upcycling Network for
Recycling, Innovation & Stakeholder
Engagement (SUNRISE) initiative was launched by GOI.
·
One Sun, One World, One Grid (OSOWOG)
initiative, launched by GOI and the United Kingdom (UK), envisions a globally
interconnected solar power grid, enabling the transfer of clean energy across borders, from
regions with surplus solar power to those with deficits.
8.
UN CONVENTION AGAINST CYBERCRIME
·
The
United Nations (UN) Convention against Cybercrime was
held in Hanoi, Viet Nam.
·
The
signing ceremony was hosted by Vietnam in
collaboration with the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).
·
As
of now, more than 60 countries have
signed the convention.
·
The
Convention was adopted by the United
Nations General Assembly (UNGA)on 24 December 2024 in
New York.
·
Its primary objective is to establish the first universal legal framework for the
investigation and prosecution of online offences.
·
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Headquarters
– Vienna,
Austria.
9.
IUCN ADOPTED 1ST EVER GLOBAL SOIL SECURITY LAW FRAMEWORK
·
The
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has
officially adopted “Motion 007 on Security Law”, marking
the 1st time that soil security
recognised as central to food systems, water supply, biodiversity
protection, and climate resilience.
·
This historic framework was adopted during
the IUCN World Conservation Congress held in Abu Dhabi, the United Arab
Emirates (UAE).
·
The
new motion was co-sponsored by Save
Soil (Isha Outreach) and the Global
Centre for Environmental Legal Studies of the Elisabeth Haub School of Law at Pace University (USA),
with inputs from Aurora, an Australian soil security think tank.
·
The
new law has outlined 5 dimensions: capacity,
condition, capital, connectivity and codification, will
guide the member countries to incorporate soil protection across agricultural
policy, climate action, and ecosystem restoration programmes.
·
Soil
health effects minimum 12 out of 17
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) like: climate action (SDG 13)
eradicating hunger (SDG2).
·
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
Headquarters- Gland,
Switzerland.
10.
47TH ASEAN SUMMIT
·
The 47th
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Summit was held,
under Malaysia’s chairmanship of
ASEAN, KL, Malaysia.
·
The
theme of the summit was “Inclusivity and Sustainability”.
·
Dato’ Seri Anwar Ibrahim, Prime Minister(PM) of Malaysia,
chaired the 47th ASEAN Summit, which comprised Plenary and Retreat
Sessions.
·
The
47th ASEAN Summit was attended by ten
ASEAN member states: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos,
Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam, with Timor-Leste formally
joining as the 11th member during the
summit.
·
20th EAS, chaired by Prime Minister of
Malaysia, held in KL, Malaysia, coinciding with the 20th anniversary
of EAS.
·
Union Minister Dr. S.
Jaishankar, MEA, represented India during
the EAS on behalf of PM Narendra Modi.
·
PM Narendra Modi participated virtually.
·
He announced 2026
as the ASEAN–India Year of Maritime Cooperation.
11. DICTIONARY. COM
CHOOSES “67” AS WORD OF THE YEAR 2025
·
Dictionary.com named “67(six – seven)” as
its 2025 Word of the Year, reflecting
the viral humor and chaos of online culture.
·
The yearly selection acts as a “linguistic time capsule,” capturing the
social trends and global events that shaped the year.
·
Six
seven (not sixty-seven) has become an internet trend, blending a song lyric,
meme, and youth slang into one viral expression.
·
Meaning: “67” can mean “so-so”
or “maybe,” often shown with a playful hand gesture, though many use it
just for fun or humor.
12. ICG
LAUNCHED FPVS ‘ICGS AJIT’ AND ‘ICGS APARAJIT’
·
The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) launched two
advanced Fast Patrol Vessels (FPVs) ‘Indian Coast Guard
Ship (ICGS) Ajit (yard 1276)’ and ‘ICGS Aparajit (yard
1277)’, at Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) in Panaji, Goa.
·
These vessels are the seventh and eighth vessels in a series of eight indigenously built
FPVs by GSL for the Indian Coast Guard, and represent the 42nd and 43rd ICGS constructed by GSL.
·
In March 2022, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) signed
a Rs 473 crore contract with GSL for the construction of eight
Adamya-class FPVs for the ICG.
·
Each vessel measures 52 metres (m) in length.
·
Both vessels have a displacement capacity of 320 tonnes.
