DAILYGK 29-31 JULY 2025
1.
NEW DG OF SSB
·
The Appointments Committee of the
Cabinet (ACC) chaired by Prime Minister
Narendra Modi, has approved the appointment of Sanjay Singhal,
as the new DG of Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB),
one of India’s Central Armed Police
Forces (CAPFs) under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).
·
He will succeed Amrit Mohan
Prasad, who retires on August 31, 2025.
·
Sanjay Singhal is a 1993-batch Indian
Police Service (IPS) officer from Uttar Pradesh (UP) cadre.
·
Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) was
initially established as a Special
Service Bureau in May 1963 in the aftermath of the Chinese aggression in
1962.
·
It is primarily responsible for protecting
Indian borders with Nepal and Bhutan.
·
Headquarters- New Delhi.
2.
MYANMAR PM
·
The National
Defence and Security Council (NDSC) of Myanmar,
announced the formation of a new Interim-Union Government and National Security and Peace Commission,
to oversee defence and manage the election.
·
U Nyo Saw will
lead the new interim-union government as 13th Prime Minister (PM) of Myanmar.
·
Senior General Min Aung Hlaing will
lead the National Security and Peace
Commission.
·
Following this announcement, Myanmar’s
military government officially ended the
state of emergency imposed over 4 years ago, to hold national elections by
year-end (December 2025).
·
Despite the announcement, General
Min Aung Hlaing will continue to serve as acting President and Chief of the Armed
Forces of Myanmar.
·
The NDSC has also decided to revoke the order of transferring sovereign powers to the
Commander-in-Chief of in February
2021, Myanmar’s military ousted the
elected government led National League for Democracy (NLDC) leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, citing the
widespread fraud in 2020 general elections.
·
Myanmar: Capital- Naypyidaw.
·
Currency- Myanmar Kyat (MMK).
3.
NEW VCOAS & VCNS
·
Lieutenant (Lt.)
General Pushpendra Singh, General Officer (GO) of the Parachute Regiment, has
officially assumed charge as the new
Vice-Chief of Army Staff (VCOAS).
·
He succeeded Lt. General NS
Raja Subramani, who superannuated on July 31, 2025.
·
Vice Admiral Sanjay Vatsayan, a,
officially took charge as the 47th Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (VCNS).
4.
DIRECTOR OF VSSC
·
Dr.A. Rajarajan, Director of Satish
Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota,
Andhra Pradesh(AP), assumed charge as the Director of Vikram
Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.
·
He succeeds S. Unnikrishnan Nair,
who superannuated on 31 July 2025.
5.
‘GYAN BHARATAM MISSION’ FOR DIGITISATION OF ANCIENT MANUSCRIPTS
·
During the 124th episode of the monthly
radio show ‘Mann kiBaat’, Prime Minister (PM) Narendra
Modi announced the ‘GyanBharatam Mission (GBM)‘ an
initiative at the digitisation of
ancient manuscripts.
·
This initiative aims to survey, document, and conserve over one crore (10 million)
manuscripts held by academic institutions, museums, libraries, and private
collectors across India.
·
The GBM has
been launched as a Central Sector Scheme (CSS) for the period 2024–31, with a
total allocation of Rs.482.85 crore to preserve,
document, and promote India’s rich manuscript heritage.
·
The GoI, in its 2025-26 budget,
significantly increased the financial allocation for the manuscripts
initiative, from Rs.3.5 crores to Rs. 60 crores.
·
After the digitisation of the ancient
manuscripts, a National Digital
Repository (NDR) will be created, where students and teachers around the world would be able
to connect with India’s knowledge and tradition.
6.
NALSA LAUNCHED VEER PARIVAAR SAHAYTA YOJANA
·
The National Legal Services
Authority (NALSA), in collaboration with the High Court of Jammu & Kashmir (J&K)
and Ladakh, and the J&K Legal Services Authority (LSA), launched
the Veer Parivaar Sahayata 2025, a scheme that aims
to bolster legal aid for defence personnel and their families.
·
The scheme was formally launched by Justice
Surya Kant, Executive Chairman of NALSA.
·
NALSA will provide legal aid for issues like family property, disputes, land matters, or
domestic cases, which are often left unresolved due to soldiers’ absence in cases, where they are employed in
isolated areas or regions like J&K or the North East Region (NER).
·
The scheme will extend legal aid to
paramilitary personnel such as: Border Security Force (BSF), the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), and the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP).
7.
AKHIL BHARATIYA SHIKSHA SAMAGAM (ABSS)2025
·
Union Minister Dharmendra
Pradhan, Ministry of Education (MoE) inaugurated Akhil Bharatiya Shiksha
Samagam (ABSS)2025 in
New Delhi, to commemorate 5 years of National
Education Policy (NEP 2020).
·
Key Initiatives led by DoSEL -TARA App: This
web portal is designed to enable data-driven decision-making in education
governance by providing robust platform for examining and improving reading
fluency among students in Class III-VIII.
·
My Career Advisor App:It is a
comprehensive, student-centric digital platform, designed to empower students
with informed career decision-making.
·
Swachh Evam Harit Vidyalaya Rating (SHVR)-2025-26: It
features a 5-star rating system assessing 60
indicators across 6 different categories namely, water, toilets, handwashing
with soap, operation & maintenance, behavior change & capacity
building, and the new Mission LiFE Activities.
8.
INDIA’S FIRST-EVER ‘GRASSLAND BIRD CENSUS’
·
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and
Climate Change(MoEFCC) released India’s first-ever Grassland
Bird Census at an official event held in Kaziranga (Assam).
·
Kaziranga National Park (Assam)
conducted the census from March 18 to May 25, 2025, using
acoustic technology to identify and monitor various grassland bird species.
·
The
survey recorded around 43 grassland species, including 1
Critically Endangered, 2 Endangered, and 6 Vulnerable species, as per
the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List across
the Kaziranga National Park’s three wildlife divisions.
·
Methodology: The census used
both point-count surveys and a
passive acoustic monitoring system.
·
The recorders monitored 29
locations using six recorders in a 3-day cycle.
·
Technology usedThey used Spectrogram Analysis and Artificial Intelligence
(AI)-based BirdNET software to detect the species
and differentiate them.
9.
PM NARENDRA MODI’S VISIT TO MALDIVES
·
Prime Minister (PM) Narendra
Modi was on a two-day official visit to Maldives,
to attend the 60th Independence Day celebrations of Maldives
·
During his visit, PM Modi attended the
Independence Day celebrations of Maldives on July 26, first time by an Indian
PM, held at Republic Square in Male as a
“Guest of Honour”.
·
PM Modi and President Muizzu jointly released the Commemorative Postage Stamp, marking the 60 years of diplomatic relations between Maldives and India, which was
established in 1965.
·
Maldives National Defence Force (MNDF)
presented PM Narendra Modi with
“Haiykolhu”, a symbol of hospitality and respect in Maldives tradition.
·
Capital – Male.
10.
UN’S SOFI 2025 REPORT
·
United
Nations (UN) released its latest report titled ‘The
State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI 2025): Addressing high
food price inflation for food security and nutrition’ during the
2nd UN Food Systems Summit Stocktake (UNFSS+4) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
·
As per the report, around 8.2% of
world’s population (673 million
individuals) was affected by hunger in 2024, compared to 8.5% (in 2023) and
8.7% (in 2022).
·
It
is an annual report prepared by 5 specialized agencies of UN:
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), International
Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), UN
Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Food Programme (WFP) and
World Health Organisation (WHO).
·
Asia
region saw decrease in PoU from 7.9% (in 2022) to 6.7% or 32 million people (in 2024).
·
The report also revealed that 18.7% or,
over 21 million of Indian children under
the age of 5 suffered from wasting in 2024, the highest rate in the world.
·
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Director-General (DG)- Qu Dongyu.
·
Headquarters- Rome, Italy.
·
Established- 1945.
11.
PEN TRANSLATES AWARD 2025
·
Indian Hindi novelist and short story
writer Geetanjali Shree was named one of the 14
winners of the PEN Translates Award 2025 by English
PEN, a United Kingdom (UK)-based
literary and human rights organisation, for her short story collection ‘Once
Elephants Lived Here’, translated into English by American Hindi and
Urdu translator Daisy Rockwell.
·
Geetanjali Shree is a prominent Hindi
novelist and short story writer from Mainpuri, Uttar Pradesh(UP).
·
In 2022,
her novel ‘Ret Samadhi’, translated
into English as ‘Tomb of Sand’ by Daisy
Rockwell, won the International Booker Prize, becoming
the first Hindi-language novel to receive this honor.
·
The PEN Translates Award is an initiative by English PEN to support the translation of
global literary works into English.
·
The 2025 PEN Translates x SALT round
highlights two titles from Hindi and Urdu: ‘Once Elephants Lived
Here’ and ‘Eyes, Eyes, Eyes’ by Sara
Shagufta, translated from Urdu by JaveriaHasnain.
12.
FORTUNE GLOBAL 500
·
Fortune, an American global business magazine released
the 71st edition of ‘Fortune Global 500 List for 2025’.
·
As per the list, India’s
Reliance Industries Limited (RIL), led by Mukesh Ambani, saw marginal dip in its ranking from 86th
(2024) to 88th (2025), with total revenue
of USD114.12 billion.
·
RIL retained its highest ranking among Indian corporates featured in the list.
·
RIL
featured on the list for the 22nd consecutive
year, the longest for any private sector
company.
·
Walmart Inc. (USA), the world’s
largest retailer company, with total revenue of USD 680.98 billion has
topped the list as the largest
company by revenue for the 12th consecutive
year and the 20th time since 1995.
·
Amazon.com, Inc and Chinese
state-owned electric utility, State Grid Corporation of China,
have also retained their rankings i.e. 2nd and 3rd positions
respectively.
·
Women CEOs: This year, total 33 women Chief Executive Officers (CEOs)
featured on the list, marking an increase of 6.6% (+5) compared to last
year.
·
This year, total 10 Indian companies featured on the list (same as in year
2024).
13.
71ST NATIONAL FILM AWARDS FOR THE YEAR 2023
·
Best Actor: The Best Actor award was
shared by Vikrant Massey for the Hindi film “12th Fail” and Shah Rukh
Khan for the Hindi film
“Jawan”.
·
The actors share the Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus award) and the cash prize of Rs. 2 lakhs.
·
This marks the first National Film Award for Shah Rukh Khan in his cinema career.
·
Best Actress: Actress Rani
Mukerji has won the Best Actress award for the Hindi film Mrs. Chatterjee V/s Norway.
She will be honoured with a silver lotus award and a cash prize of Rs. 2 lakhs.
·
Best Feature Film: The
Hindi film “12th Fail”, directed by Vidhu Vinod Chopra, bagged the Best Feature Film Award.
·
Best Non-Feature Film: The
Hindi film ‘Floweing Man’, directed by Soumyajit Ghosh Dastidar, was awarded
the Best Non-Feature Film.
·
Best Popular Film: The Hindi
film ‘Rocky Aur Rani KiiPrem Kahaani’ has bagged two
awards, including Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment and Best Choreography.
·
Most Awards: The Hindi
film ‘ Sam Bahadur’ won 3 awards,
including Best Film Promoting National/
Social/Environmental Values, Best
Costume Design, and Best Make-Up
Artist.
·
Best Director: The Hindi film
‘Kerala Story’ won two awards, including Best
Director for Sudipto Sen and Best Cinematography.
14.
MILITARY EXERCISE “EX BOLD KURUKSHETRA 2025
·
The 14th edition
of the India-Singapore joint military
exercise, “Exercise Bold Kurukshetra 2025”, held at
Jodhpur Military Station of the Indian Army(IA) in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
·
The
exercise aims to enhance interoperability and joint
training capabilities of both armies under UN mandate, to strengthen bilateral
defence cooperation.
·
Singapore President – Tharman
Shanmugaratnam.
15.
INDIA-SINGAPORE NAVAL EXERCISE SIMBEX
·
The Indian Navy (IN) participated in
the 32nd edition of the Singapore-India Maritime
Bilateral Exercise (SIMBEX-25) conducted in Singapore to
strengthen maritime cooperation between India and Singapore.
·
Participating Ships IN Contingent: Indian Naval Ship (INS) Satpura,
INS Delhi, INS Kiltan, and INS Shakti.
·
RSN Contingent: RSN Vigilant, and RSN Supreme.
·
It HAS 2 Phase: Harbour Phase and Sea
Phase.
·
SIMBEX was Launched
in 1994 as “Exercise Lion King”.
·
SIMBEX is the longest-running bilateral naval exercise for India.
·
Singapore President –
Tharman Shanmugaratnam.
·
Prime Minister (PM) – Lawrence
Wong.
·
Capital – Singapore City.
