DAILY GK 15-16 SEP 2-25

 DAILY GK 15-16 SEP 2-25 

1.       NEPAL’S INTERIM PM

·         Nepal’s former Chief Justice (CJ) Sushila Karki was sworn in as Nepal’s Interim Prime Minister (PM), becoming the first woman and first female CJ to hold the position.

·         She took the oath of office administered by Ramchandra Paudel, President of Nepal

·         Her appointment came following weeks of GenZ-led protests over corruption and unemployment that forced her predecessor KP Sharma Oli to resign from the PM post.

·         Karki has served as the 1st female CJ of Nepal between 2016 and 2017.

·         She authored two books named ‘Nyay’ which is her biographical book and ‘Kara’, a novel inspired by her own experience in jail during the People’s Movement (1990).




 

2.       INDIA’S ED OF ADB

·         The Appointments Committee of Cabinet (ACC), headed by PM Narendra Modi, approved the appointment of L Satya Srinivas, as the India’s Executive Director (ED) of Asian Development Bank (ADB), succeeding Vikas Sheel.

·         Along with India, he will also represent Bangladesh, Bhutan, Laos, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan on the ADB’s board of directors.

·         Currently, India is 4th largest shareholder and largest borrower of ADB, after Japan, USA and China.Investments

·         ADB President -Masato Kanda.

·         Headquarters– Metro Manila, Philippines.

·         Established: 19, December, 1966.

·         Members: 69 countries.

 

3.       ED OF UN WOMEN

·         Dr. Sima Sami Bahous has been reappointed for a second term as Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director(ED) of United Nations(UN) Women

·         It was announced by UN Secretary-General António Guterres.

·         Her second term begins as UN Women launches its Strategic Plan 2026–2029 to accelerate global gender equality and empower women worldwide.

 

4.       NEW DGS FOR CISF AND ITBP

·         The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) approved the proposal of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA) for appointment of senior IPS officers Praveer Ranjan as Director General (DG) of the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) and Praveen Kumar as DG of the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP).

 

5.       NATIONAL GEOTHERMAL ENERGY POLICY 2025

·         The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) officially notified the National Policy on Geothermal Energy (2025), aimed at accelerating clean energy transition in India as well as reaffirming the country’s commitment towards achieving the ambitious 2070 Net Zero target.

·         For the initial phase, MNRE has sanctioned 5 projects which include pilot initiatives and resource assessment projects.

·         MNRE will serve as the nodal agency for the implementation of geothermal energy-based projects in India.

·         Under the policy, project developers can secure exploration permits and obtain long-term leases of up to 30 years.

·         State governments have been advised to set up single-window clearance systems to ensure faster project approvals.

 

6.       2ND BIMSTEC YOUNG LEADERS’ SUMMIT

·         India hosted the 2nd edition of Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) Young Leaders’ Summit 2025 in Guwahati, Assam.

·         The event was organized by the Bharat Scouts and Guides with the support of the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), Government of India (GOI).

·         The event brought together over 80 young leaders from the seven BIMSTEC member countries such as Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.

 

7.       4TH CGGS HELD IN ITALY

·         The India Coast Guard (ICG) participated in the 4th Coast Guard Global Summit (CGGS), held in Rome, Italy

·         The summit, co-chaired by Italy and Japan, was attended by delegates from 115 countries and international organizations.

·         The 5th CGGS will be hosted by India in Chennai (Tamil Nadu, TN) in 2027, coinciding with the Golden Jubilee celebrations of the ICG.

·         CGGS is an international forum that brings together coast guards and maritime law enforcement agencies from across the world.

·         It was first convened in 2017 by the Japan Coast Guard and the Nippon Foundation.

 

8.       TENTATIVE LIST OF UNESCO’S WORLD HERITAGE SITES 2025

·         The Permanent Delegation of India to United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) announced the inclusion of 7 Indian properties/sites under the ‘Natural Category’ in the Tentative List of UNESCO’s World Heritage Convention

·         With this, the total number of Indian sites on the list increases to 69, including 49 under Cultural category, under Mixed Category and 17 under Natural Category.

·         Name of 7 Newly added Indian Sites are Deccan Traps at Panchgani and Mahabaleshwar, Maharashtra

·         Geological Heritage of St. Mary’s Island Cluster, Karnataka

·         Meghalayan Age Caves, Meghalaya

·         Naga Hill Ophiolite, Nagaland

·         Erra Matti Dibbalu (Red Sand Hills), Andhra Pradesh

·         Natural Heritage of Tirumala Hills, Andhra Pradesh

·         Varkala Cliffs, Kerala

·         Tentative List is an inventory of properties that a country considers for nomination to the UNESCO World Heritage List(WHL).

 

9.       WIPO’S GII 2025

·         The World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) in collaboration with the Portulans Institute(PI) released the 18th edition of ‘Global Innovation Index (GII 2025): Innovation at a Cross Roads’. 

·         India has secured 38th position globally (up from 39th position in 2024 rankings) with overall score 38.1.

·         Switzerland continued to secure 1st position (overall score of 66.0) in the GII rankings for a 15th consecutive year.

·         Sweden and the United States of America (USA) retained their 2nd and 3rd positions

·         The GII, launched in 2007 by INSEAD, Cornell University, and WIPO, is an annual ranking of economies based on their innovation capacity and outcomes, published by WIPO.

·         The GII evaluated the innovation performance of 139 world economies using some 80 indicators, ranging from Research & Development (R&D) spending, Venture Capital (VC) deals, high-tech exports and Intellectual Property Filings. 

·         For the 1st time, China featured among the top 10 countries in the index (ranked at 10th spot with overall score of 56.6)

·         India ranked 1st among the 37 Lower Middle-Income (LMI) group economies and also topped among the 10 economies in Central and Southern Asia region.

·         This year, 4 clusters from India i.e. Bengaluru, Karnataka (21st), Delhi (26th), Mumbai, Maharashtra (46th), and Chennai, TN (84th), featured among the World’s Top 100 Innovation Clusters.

·         WIPO Headquarters- Geneva, Switzerland.

·         Established- 1967.

 

10.    WTO’S GLOBAL AGREEMENT TO CURB OVER-FISHING

·         The World Trade Organisation (WTO) Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies aimed at reducing over-fishing formally came into force on September 15, 2025, after it was ratified by 4 more countries: Brazil, Kenya, Tonga and Vietnam.

·         With this, a total of 112 countries have now accepted the agreement, thereby achieving the condition of minimum 2/3rd of WTO’s members (166) formal acceptance.

·         The agreement, initiated by Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Director-General (DG) of WTO, was adopted at the WTO’s 12th Ministerial Conference (MC) held in June 2022 in Geneva, Switzerland.

·         So far, major economies like: China, the United States of America (USA), and the European Union (EU) have signed the agreement.

·         While, India and Indonesia are among the countries that have not signed the agreement yet.

·         As per the agreement, in order to prevent over-fishing, countries are required to limit some of the USD 22 billion in fish subsidies across the world that encourage practices by fleets that deplete fish stocks.

·         Also, they are required to establish a ‘fish fund’ that can help the developing countries in implementing the agreement.

·         WTO Headquarters- Geneva, Switzerland.

·         Established- 1995.